Artikel: Psychophysical well‐being profiles in patients before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (2018)

Objectives: The literature offers very few in‐depth reports on the time directly before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Also, researchers have focused on selected aspects of psychophysical well‐being and treated the sample as homogeneous. Thus, we chose to investigate distinct multidimensional well‐being profiles (including anxiety, depressive symptoms, and health‐related quality of life [HRQOL] domains) among patients just before HSCT, as well as profile predictors (generalized self‐efficacy) and outcomes (transplant appraisal) on the basis of the transactional stress model.

Methods

Depression (CES‐D), anxiety (HADS‐A), HRQOL (EORTC QOL‐C30), generalized self‐efficacy (GSES), and transplant appraisal (single‐item scale referred to threat and challenge) were measured in 290 patients (56.9% male; mean age = 47.28, SD = 13.79) after admission for HSCT (67.2% autologous). Unconditional and conditional latent profile analyses were applied.

Results

Four latent well‐being profiles were identified: well‐functioning (51%, highest well‐being in all aspects), dysfunctional (10%, weakest functioning in all aspects), and 2 profiles with moderate HRQOL and high (5.6%) or low (33.4%) anxiety and depressive symptoms. Generalized self‐efficacy predicted profile membership, controlling for demographic and clinical variables. The highest levels were observed in the well‐functioning group (P < .01). Appraisal was predicted by latent profile analyses classes: low threat in the well‐functioning group (P < .001) and the highest threat and challenge in the dysfunctional group (P < .01).

Conclusions

The findings highlight the diverse nature of well‐being in pre‐HSCT patients and the manner in which transplant appraisal and generalized self‐efficacy are related to different profiles of pre‐HSCT multidimensional well‐being, thus indicating the practical implications of the study.